Six Religious Reasons for the Separation of Church and State    (February 21, 2010)

SERMON TEXT:  Romans 12:17 - 13:7 ("Overcome evil with good").  We will also hear a testimony from Jon Newman as we welcome him into membership as well as a children's lesson.  And once more, the officers would appreciate your prayers as we meet to pray and plan tomorrow.  Thank you!

SUNDAY SCHOOL & ADULT CLASSES:  Winter Session continues through March 14th

SUGGESTED FAMILY WORSHIP TEXT:
  Deuteronomy 32 (The Song of Moses)

HYMNS:      ~ Love Divine, All Loves Excelling (Trinity 519)
                      ~ Christ is Coming! (Trinity 324)

SONGS:      ~ He is Exalted
                     ~ How Deep the Father's Love for Us
                     ~ Days of Elijah
                     ~ Jesus, I Come

DEVOTIONAL:   Six Religious Reasons for the Separation of Church and State

First, to let you know, the Roanoke Times did indeed publish the editorial I sent you last week, without any editing of content.   If you missed last week's devotional, you can read it online here:
http://www.roanoke.com/editorials/commentary/wb/236911.   Again, pray for God to use it as he sees fit for His glory.  

Now, the next couple of weeks, as we go through Romans 12 and 13, we will be looking at the different ethic which the New Testament prescribes to the Church and to the State.   While we may take the separation of church and state for granted today, we must realize that we are enjoying a relatively recent historical return to the New Testament doctrine of the two kingdoms.  That is that there are two distinct realms that the Christian must live in -- the Kingdom of Christ (the Church), and the kingdom of man (ruled by civil magistrates).

While the Protestant Reformation began this return in reaction to the political power of the Medieval church, it still took centuries to work out.  In fact, the only reason Presbyterians came to embrace the separation of church and state is that we eventually had the humility to learn from other Protestant traditions on this score.  In particular, we learned from the Anabaptist tradition, as well as Puritan Baptists, many of whom were jailed by fellow Protestants; including John Bunyan who wrote his classic, Pilgrimn's Progress, while imprisoned for preaching without a state-issued license.

This is a subject I have given a good bit of thought to, though I by no means claim to be an expert.  At the same time, how these two kingdoms should interact is not an easy question to answer, and there is much debate within the Reformed tradition on the subject.  Some emphasize Christ's Lordship over all creation, including the civil realm.  Others emphasize the unique role of the Church to gather and perfect the saints, as the Westminster Confession puts it.  But almost all Reformed Christians today are, thankfully, disestablishmentarians (yes, I did just use that word!) -- that is, we believe that Church and State are to be formally separated, while yet allowing for proper Christian influence upon the State as Christians fulfill our duties as dual citizens of both kingdoms.

Therefore, I scoured the internet for brief essays I might steal (I mean borrow) from scholars I trust to explain this basic Protestant doctrine of the Two Kingdoms.  I found plenty of material.  The problem was when it came to the brief part.    Thus, instead of copying one long essay as the devotional, I want instead to do two things.

First, to refer you to my editorial on abortion again as one example of speaking to the culture about a common grace ethic of life which all people should embrace, regardless of religion, without yet endorsing any specific statute, which is the realm of the State to decide, not the Church.

Second, to refer you to an essay by an old professor of mine (and who happens to be a Roanoke College grad), T. David Gordon, now at Grove City college.  I don't always agree with Dr. Gordon, but his writings are always thought provoking.  This essay is entitled "Religious Reasons for the Separation of Church and State."  To perhaps intrigue you, here are the six reasons T. David lists out:

1.  Liberty and liberty of conscience -- so that all can worship according to their own convictions

2. Church, state and family each sovereign in its own area (the famous Dutch doctrine of "Sphere Sovereignty" championed by Dutch Prime Minister Abraham Kuyper)

3.   The Spirituality of the Church -- the Church's ministry and power is spiritual, not temporal

4.  The theocracy of Israel was typological (of heaven) and not an economy to be continued in the NT age

5.  The proof of history, that the blending of Church and State has had disastrous consequences

6.  Practical considerations, namely that pluralism benefits both Church and State by preventing geographical "balkanization" based on faith

If that intrigues you, you can find the rest of the essay here: 
http://www.tdgordon.net/theology/.  In the meantime, pray that we can not only think these things through together well as a church, but more importantly live up to the high ethic of mercy Paul calls us to in Romans 12:17-21.  That, I think, is the greater challenge.  See you Sunday!  ~ Pastor H